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1.
Braz. oral res. (Online) ; 36: e013, 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1355936

ABSTRACT

Abstract The aim of this study was to develop a Preventive Oral Health Exam for Elderly People (EDePAM), using the e-Delphi technique, to diagnose oral health problems in people 65 or older. The e-Delphi technique was used with experts in multiple stages, and in a final workshop, where an agreement on an examination protocol was reached for diagnosing dental caries, oral mucosa lesions, periodontal diseases, and masticatory function disorders. Quantitative analyses of all the rounds of the e-Delphi method were conducted. It was agreed that the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) should be used together with a modified version of the Nyvad criteria to detect and assess caries lesions. It was also agreed that an assessment was needed of the different factors involved in determining caries risk, namely socioeconomic level, access to fluoride, level of dependence/functionality, salivary flow, history of head and neck cancer treatment, use of medications that decrease salivary flow, diet, use of removable dental prostheses, exposure of root surfaces, and caries history. Furthermore, patients would be required to undergo an examination of the oral mucosa, where any existing lesion should be described in terms of its clinical appearance, location, and risk potential. It was also agreed that an assessment of masticatory function should be performed using the Leake index, together with chewing-gum combined with a color scale to categorize masticatory performance. The number of pairs of occluding antagonist teeth was considered as the best predictor of masticatory function. The 2018 classification by the American Academy of Periodontology (AAP) / European Federation of Periodontology (EFP) was accepted as the standard to assess periodontal status, and it was agreed that this assessment should include an evaluation of clinical attachment loss and bleeding on probing. The novel EDePAM was considered as appropriate for conducting a functional assessment of oral health by providing a comprehensive diagnosis of oral diseases.

2.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 148(6): 734-739, jun. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1139365

ABSTRACT

Background: Evaluation of 24-hour collection accuracy is based on urinary creatinine excretion (UCr), usually using wide ranges indexed by weight. Equations that predict the expected UCr are also available. Aim: To generate an equation for estimating UCr in Chilean population and evaluate its performance in comparison to existing formulas. Material and Methods: A total of 464 24-hour urine collections from outpatients aged between 15 and 88 years old were used. Ninety percent of collections (n = 418) were randomly extracted to assess the association between absolute UCr values with sex, age, height and weight of participants. A formula was created to estimate the 24-hour UCr using a multiple linear regression model. In the remaining 10% of urine collections (n = 46), the performance of this formula and others reported in the literature were tested. Results: Age, sex and weight were significantly associated with 24-hour UCr values. The new equation was able to predict UCr values with a similar accuracy than CKD-EPI and Walser equations and outperformed other equations. Conclusions: Our equation developed with Chilean values predicts 24-hour UCr values accurately.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Creatinine/urine , Body Weight , Linear Models , Chile , Glomerular Filtration Rate
4.
Rev. cuba. reumatol ; 21(supl.1): e69, 2019. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1099115

ABSTRACT

Introducción: la artritis idiopática juvenil es una afección inflamatoria y sistémica que afecta a pacientes menores de 18 años. Engloba una serie de manifestaciones clínicas que en edad adulta tiene nombre común como enfermedades ya establecida; sin embargo, todas ellas se engloban bajo este término en niños y adolescentes. Todas sus formas clínicas tienen como elemento común la presencia de un cuadro inflamatorio que genera artritis; según la característica de la toma articular y la presencia de otras manifestaciones, es que se definen las formas clínicas de la enfermedad. Objetivo: dar a conocer los elementos clínicos y de laboratorio que permiten llegar al diagnóstico de la artritis idiopática juvenil en la atención primaria de salud. Caso clínico: se presenta el caso de una paciente de 9 años de edad que presenta manifestaciones clínicas y de laboratorio que permiten realizar el diagnóstico de artritis idiopática juvenil. Conclusiones: las enfermedades reumáticas afectan generalmente a pacientes adultos, con predominio de edades avanzadas, sin embargo, resulta importante conocer los elementos diagnósticos de cada uno de ellos para poder detectar su aparición en edades tempranas de la vida(AU)


Introduction: juvenile idiopathic arthritis is an inflammatory and systemic condition that affects patients under 18 years of age. It encompasses a series of clinical manifestations that in adult age has a common name as established diseases; however, all of them are included under this term in children and adolescents. All its clinical forms have as a common element the presence of an inflammatory condition that generates arthritis; According to the characteristic of the joint taking and the presence of other manifestations, it is that the clinical forms of the disease are defined. Objective: to present the clinical and laboratory elements that allow to reach the diagnosis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis in primary health care. Clinical case: the case of a 9-year-old patient with clinical and laboratory manifestations that allow the diagnosis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis is presented. Conclusions: rheumatic diseases generally affect adult patients, with a predominance of advanced ages; however, it is important to know the diagnostic elements of each of them in order to detect their appearance at early ages of life(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child , Primary Health Care/methods , Arthritis, Juvenile/diagnosis , Rheumatic Diseases/drug therapy
5.
Int. j. morphol ; 35(4): 1243-1248, Dec. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-893122

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY: It is critical to know the precise location and configuration of the mandibular canal (MC) to avoid damages in the alveolar inferior nerve during an invasive dental treatment. The aim of this study was to provide anatomic relationships of the mandibular canal in its entire pathway related to cortical walls and dental roots to serve as basic knowledge for dental clinical procedures performed in this area. We analyzed 50 CBCT images assessing the specific location of MC at the retromolar space as related to inferior teeth roots. Data were analyzed by side using descriptive statistics (median: mean [M], standard deviation [SD], 95 % confidence interval: lower endpoint [IC] and upper endpoint [IC']). The MC length and pathway were measured from the mandibular foramen up to the mental foramen. MC was closer from lingual cortical than buccal at the retromolar space as well the distal root of the second molar and the root of the second premolar are closest to MC. A mean length for the MC of 70.8 (±5.3 mm) for the right side and 71 (±5.8 mm) for the left side were observed. In conclusion, it is critical for clinicians to know three-dimensionally the topographic relationships between the inferior teeth roots and the mandibular canal before proceeding to any invasive dental or surgical procedure at this region.


RESUMEN: Es crítico conocer la ubicación exacta y la configuración del canal mandibular (MC) para evitar daños en el nervio inferior alveolar durante un tratamiento dental invasivo. El objetivo de este estudio fue proporcionar relaciones anatómicas del MC en toda su trayectoria relacionada con paredes corticales y raíces dentales para servir como un conocimiento básico para los procedimientos clínicos dentales realizados en esta región. Se analizaron 50 imágenes CBCT evaluando la localización específica del MC en el espacio retromolar, así como las raíces de los dientes inferiores. Los datos se analizaron por lado, utilizando estadística descriptiva (mediana: media [M], desviación estándar [SD], 95 % intervalo de confianza: punto final inferior [IC] y extremo superior [IC]). La longitud y vía del conducto mandibular se midieron desde el foramen mandibular hasta el foramen mentoniano. El MC estaba más cerca de la cortical lingual que bucal en el espacio retromolar, así como la raíz distal del segundo molar y la raíz del segundo premolar están más cerca del MC. Se observó una longitud media para el MC de 70,8 (± 5,3 mm) para el lado derecho y de 71 (± 5,8 mm) para el lado izquierdo. En conclusión, es fundamental que el clínico conozca tridimensionalmente las relaciones topográficas entre las raíces de los dientes inferiores y el conducto mandibular antes de proceder a cualquier procedimiento invasivo dental o quirúrgico en esta región.


Subject(s)
Humans , Cone-Beam Computed Tomography , Mandible/anatomy & histology , Mandible/diagnostic imaging
6.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 34(3): 280-286, jun. 2017. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-899713

ABSTRACT

There are very few reports of pediatric patients with infections by dematiaceous filamentous fungi. In this publication we report a case of invasive fungal infection of the nasal septum by Curvularia spicifera in a pediatric patient with acute myeloid leukemia. The patient presented with a painful scabby wound in the nasal vestibule. Culture and universal PCR were consistent with Curvularia spicifera. Early management with surgical debridement and bi-associated antifungal therapy achieved complete resolution of the lesions, with no evidence of dissemination and relapses. Clinical management of these fungal infections represents a challenge as the antifungal selection and duration of therapy is not yet well stablished.


Existen pocos reportes de infecciones por hongos dematiáceos en pediatría. Comunicamos el caso de una infección fúngica invasora del tabique nasal en un niño con una leucemia mieloide aguda, que se presentó como una lesión costrosa dolorosa en el vestíbulo nasal. Se realizó desbridamiento quirúrgico precoz y recibió tratamiento antifúngico biasociado, lográndose resolución completa de las lesiones, sin diseminación ni recaídas. El cultivo y la RPC universal fueron compatibles con Curvularia spicifera. El manejo de estas infecciones fúngicas representa un desafío, considerando que la elección del agente antifúngico y la duración de la terapia no están completamente establecidas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Ascomycota/isolation & purification , Opportunistic Infections/complications , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/complications , Nose Diseases/complications , Phaeohyphomycosis/complications , Neutropenia/complications , Opportunistic Infections/microbiology , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/microbiology , Nose Diseases/microbiology , Phaeohyphomycosis/microbiology , Neutropenia/microbiology
7.
Int. j. odontostomatol. (Print) ; 10(2): 215-219, ago. 2016. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-794479

ABSTRACT

Dentinogenesis imperfecta (DI) is a type of dentin dysplasia that affects the dentin structure of one or both dentitions, which may be classified in three types. The aim of this report was to show the clinical and radiographic features of the four cases of DI in the same family group. Five brothers were checked clinically and radiographically. Two individuals were diagnosed, by their phenotypic features and medical history, with DI type I; two of them with DI type II and one case without signs of DI. It is important to know the features of dentinogenesis imperfecta to perform a comprehensive dental care, including the right diagnosis and an effective treatment plan.


La dentinogénesis imperfecta (DI) es un tipo de displasia de la dentina que afecta su estructura en una o ambas denticiones. La DI puede clasificarse en tres tipos. El objetivo de este informe fue demostrar las características clínicas y radiológicas de los cuatro casos de DI en un mismo grupo familiar. Cinco hermanos fueron controlados clínica y radiográficamente. Dos individuos fueron diagnosticados, por sus características fenotípicas y antecedentes clínicos, con el tipo de DI I; dos de ellos con DI de tipo II y un caso sin signos de DI. Es importante conocer las características de la dentinogénesis imperfecta para poder realizar una atención odontológica integral, lo que permitirá desarrollar un diagnóstico correcto y un plan de tratamiento efectivo.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Root Canal Therapy/methods , Crowns , Dentinogenesis Imperfecta/therapy , Radiography, Dental , Treatment Outcome , Patient Satisfaction , Dentinogenesis Imperfecta/classification , Dentinogenesis Imperfecta/physiopathology
8.
Int. j. morphol ; 33(4): 1377-1379, Dec. 2015. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-772325

ABSTRACT

To validate the virtual finite element analysis (FEA) results, it is needed that the mathematical models take into account the insertion area. Thus, the aim of this study was to measure the insertion area of masticatory muscles in the mandible in human cadavers to be used in FEA. The insertion area of the masticatory mandible's muscles was measured on both sides of fifty human cadavers throughout digital photos and software. The insertion area of the masseter was 7.47(±0.41) cm2, the temporal (inner portion) was 3.05(±0.13) cm2, the temporal (outer portion) was 2.25(±0.28) cm2, the medial pterygoid was 2.2(±0.23) cm2, and the lateral pterygoid was 0.8(±0.05) cm2. In conclusion, there is enough data to be used for the finite element analysis.


Para validar los resultados virtuales de análisis por elementos finitos (FEA) es necesario que los modelos matemáticos consideren el área de inserción muscular. Así, el objetivo de este estudio fue medir el área de inserción en la mandíbula de los músculos de masticación en cadáveres humanos para ser utilizado en FEA. El área de inserción en la mandíbula de los músculos de masticación fue medida en ambos lados de cincuenta cadáveres humanos por medio de fotografías digitales y software. El área de inserción del músculo masetero fue 7,47(±0,41) cm2, la porción interna del músculo temporal fue de 3,05(±0,13) cm2 y su porción externa de 2,25(±0,28) cm2, para los músculos pterigoideo medial fue de 2,2(±0,23) cm2 y pterigoideo lateral 0,8(±0,05) cm2. En conclusión, los datos son suficientes para ser utilizados para análisis de elementos finitos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Mandible/anatomy & histology , Masticatory Muscles/anatomy & histology , Cadaver , Finite Element Analysis
9.
Ter. psicol ; 28(1): 37-43, jul. 2010. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-577539

ABSTRACT

El Cuestionario de R. Cloninger se focaliza en el estudio del temperamento y carácter en el desarrollo de la personalidad del ser humano y ha contribuido a delimitar factores constitucionales y neuroanatómicos que intervienen tanto en el comportamiento habitual, como en manifestaciones psicopatológicas. En la presente investigación se evalúan las características psicométricas de una elaboración en español del Cuestionario de Temperamento y Carácter para niños y para padres (JTCI) de R. Cloninger. En consistencia con otros estudios, los coeficientes de confiabilidad obtenidos para la muestra de padres fueron mejores que los obtenidos para la muestra de niños, aunque finalmente sólo cuatro de las ocho escalas tienen un nivel de confiabilidad aceptable. La correlación entre el autorreporte de los niños y la evaluación de los padres es, en general, baja. Se discuten las implicancias de estos resultados y la necesidad de contar con futuros estudios que permitan mejorar la confiabilidad este cuestionario.


R. Cloninger's Temperament and Character Inventory have focused on the research of temperament and character as a relevant factor in the development of human's personality and have contributed to determine constitutional and neuroanatomic factors that intervene both, in normal and pathological behavior This investigation uses Cloninger's Temperament and Character Questionnaire for children and parents (Luby, Svrakic, McCallum, Przybeck y Cloninger,1999). This inventory measures temperamental and charactero-logical features more frequently present in scholars and explores parents-children concurrence. Results show slight differences with respect to the unique study previously realized by Luby, et al., (1999). No significant differences by gender are observed in the sample. Despite only some dimensions have significant values between parents and children, these justify the need to apply questionnaires to scholars and complement the information with their parent's appreciation.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adult , Character , Parents/psychology , Psychology, Child , Surveys and Questionnaires , Temperament , Chile , Personality Inventory , Data Collection , Reproducibility of Results , Translations
10.
Rev. latinoam. psicol ; 41(2): 277-289, jun. 2009.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-539420

ABSTRACT

El presente artículo es producto del estudio realizado en el marco de la investigación de proceso en psicoterapia basada en los Indicadores de Cambio Genéricos (Krause et al., 2006a). Junto con la Teoría de los Actos de Habla (Searle, 2002; Aristegui et al., 2005) se propone utilizar el modelo del self dialógico (Hermans, 1996; Valsiner, 2007) como dispositivo para caracterizar y diferenciar los episodios de cambio y estancamiento en la conversación terapéutica. La unidad de análisis del estudio está constituida por extractos de dos terapias de distintas orientaciones teóricas con episodios de cambio y estancamiento previamente identificados a través de los indicadores derivados a partir de la teoría del cambio subjetivo. El estudio de los episodios de cambio señala características dialógicas de la conversación terapéutica que suponen un juego de lenguaje autorreferencial en el cual terapeuta y consultante van construyendo una descripción de la posición del yo (sujeto) que se compromete con acciones intencionales ilocutivas. El estudio y comparación de los episodios de cambio con episodios de estancamiento integra en la discusión las distinciones foco de la experiencia en primera persona y simetría veritativa aplicadas a la noción de performatividad-autorreferencial y la nociones dialógico autodialógico, según la teoría del self dialógico (Hermans, 1996; Valsiner, 2007; Anderson, 1999).


This article is the result of a research in the frame of therapeutic process, based on Generic Change Indicators (Krause et al., 2006a). Along with Speech Acts Theory (Searle, 2002; Aristegui et al., 2005) it is proposed to use the Dialogical Self Model (Hermans, 1996; Valsiner, 2007) as a suitable device for characterizing and differentiating change and stagnant episodes, in therapeutic conversation. The analysis unit of study is constituted by extracts from two therapies of different theoretical orientation, with change and stagnant episodes previously identified through indicators derived from Subjective Change Theory. The study of change episodes indicates dialogical characteristics of the therapeutic conversation which suppose a self referential language game where therapist and consultant build a self-position description (subject) that commits with certain ilocutive intentions of action. The study and comparison of change episodes with stagnate episodes integrate in the discussion the distinctions of experience focus in first person and veritative symmetry applied to self referential–performativity and the notions self dialogicality dialogicality according to the self-dialogical theory (Hermans, 1996; Valsiner, 2007; Anderson, 1999).


Subject(s)
Humans , Psychology, Clinical , Psychotherapy , Speech
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